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Biotin (Vitamin H) Benefits and Signs of Deficiency
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Benefits and Functions of Biotin (Vitamin H): |
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Biotin is required to utilize the energy contained in food. It is a cofactor for a group of enzymes, known as carboxylases, which are critical compounds for the metabolization of carbohydrates, fat, and protein into energy that the body can use. Biotin (Vitamin H) is required for normal growth and development, and overall general health. It functions as a component in the production and utilization of both glucose and certain amino acids in the body. Biotin aids in the formation of fatty acids. Vitamin H may help to strengthen thin, split, or brittle fingernails and toenails, as well as improve the overall health of hair. Certain skin disorders, like"cradle cap," have shown improvement with the addition of a biotin supplement to the diet. Biotin has also been utilized to help treat alopecia (hair loss), as well to treat premature graying, although this would probably only work for people who have extremely low levels of biotin. It may helps to reduce the symptoms of zinc deficiency. A vitamin H supplement may help to reduce muscle pain. Biotin supplementation is occassionally given to people with diabetes, to help lower their blood sugar levels. People who suffer from type 2 diabetes are also often observed to have low biotin levels. Biotin has also been used by some people taking part in weight loss regimens to increase the efficiency of fat metabolization. |
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Symptoms of biotin (vitamin H) deficiency are
extremely rare, however deficiency can occur if one consumes raw
egg whites for extended periods. Raw eggs whites contain a protein
which binds with biotin, called avidin. However avidin is inactivated
through the cooking process. Also extended use of antibiotics can
disrupt biotin production in the intestines, which increases the
likelihood of a deficiency. Taking anti-seizure medicines for long
periods may also result in biotin deficiency symptoms.. If a deficiency does occur, symptoms may include hair loss (alopecia), seborrheic dermatitis (dry or scaled skin), anemia, muscle pain, loss of appetite, nausea, fatigue, conjunctivitis, and weakened immune system function. Neurological symptoms of biotin deficiency in adults are depression, lethargy, hallucinations, and numbness or tingling sensations in the extremities. |
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No toxic side-effects of biotin have been reported in humans at dosages of up to 10 milligrams per day. Just as with the other B vitamins, vitamin H is water soluble, and extra amounts are readily excreted in urine. Even very high dosages which are used to treat problems with hair and nails (2,500 mcg), there have been no reported side effects. |
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